After etching for 15-30 seconds when restoring with composite, what should be done next?

After etching teeth with a phosphoric acid solution, rinsing is an essential step. The etching process creates a microporous surface on the enamel and dentin, which enhances the bonding of the composite material. Rinsing removes the acidic etchant and any debris, ensuring that the surface is clean and prepared for the next steps in the restorative process.

Once the etching has been properly rinsed off, the tooth surface is then dried to observe the moisture control needed; however, care must be taken not to desiccate the tooth, especially dentin, as it can affect bonding. Applying the bonding agent comes after rinsing, as it will create a strong bond between the tooth structure and the composite material. Following the bonding application, the composite can then be placed. Thus, rinsing is immediately necessary after etching before proceeding to the drying and bonding steps.